TOPICS FOR THE ENTRANCE EXAM IN JUNE

CHEMISTRY: International system of units. Matter and properties. Elements, compounds and mixtures. Periodic Table. Isotopes. Symbols and formulas. Chemical equations. Atoms, molecules and moles. Mass unit. Laws of chemical combination. Avogadro’s number and the mole. Ideal Gas Laws. Writing empirical and structural formulas – acids, bases and salts. Balancing chemical reactions. Calculations based on chemical equations. Stoichiometry. Molar and normal concentration - calculations. Ionisation reactions, reactions between ions. Oxidation number. Redox reactions – balancing. Alkanes naming, structural isomers, reactions. Alkynes. Aromatic compounds. Benzene, nitration. Ortho, meta, para-isomerism. Alcohols, reactions, oxidation. Phenols. Aldehydes and ketones. Carboxylic acids, derivates – esters and amides. Carbohydrates – fructose, glucose, sucrose. Lipids. Fatty acids. Triglycerides – formation and hydrolysis. Proteins, nucleic acids – general view. BIOLOGY: Cells, structure and function, cell divisions. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Mendel’s laws, segregation and independent assortment. Alleles, homozygotes, heterozygotes. Genotype and phenotype. Molecular basis of heredity. DNA, replication, genetic code. RNA. Protein synthesis. Reproduction and development. External and internal fertilisation; cleavage, blastula formation, gastrulation, neurulation. Classification and characteristics of the main taxonomic groups of animals, with special attention to Chordates, Vertebrates and Mammals. PHYSICS: Speed, velocity and acceleration. Force and momentum, Newton Laws of motion. Work, energy and power. Behaviour of gases: pressure, Boyle, Charles, Universal Gas Laws. Heat: capacity, transfer, temperature. Waves: reflection, refraction, diffraction. Refraction of light, lenses, eye. Sound. Electric current, charge, potential difference, resistance. Electromagnetic induction. Atomic structure, electron beams, X-rays, radioactivity. Communication systems.